/* Character set conversion with error handling and autodetection.
   Copyright (C) 2002, 2005, 2007, 2009-2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   Written by Bruno Haible.

   This file is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
   published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the
   License, or (at your option) any later version.

   This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */

#include <config.h>

/* Specification.  */
#include "striconveha.h"

#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#include "malloca.h"
#include "c-strcase.h"
#include "striconveh.h"

#define SIZEOF(a) (sizeof(a)/sizeof(a[0]))


/* Autodetection list.  */

struct autodetect_alias
{
  struct autodetect_alias *next;
  const char *name;
  const char * const *encodings_to_try;
};

static const char * const autodetect_utf8_try[] =
{
  /* Try UTF-8 first. There are very few ISO-8859-1 inputs that would
     be valid UTF-8, but many UTF-8 inputs are valid ISO-8859-1.  */
  "UTF-8", "ISO-8859-1",
  NULL
};
static const char * const autodetect_jp_try[] =
{
  /* Try 7-bit encoding first. If the input contains bytes >= 0x80,
     it will fail.
     Try EUC-JP next. Short SHIFT_JIS inputs may come out wrong. This
     is unavoidable. People will condemn SHIFT_JIS.
     If we tried SHIFT_JIS first, then some short EUC-JP inputs would
     come out wrong, and people would condemn EUC-JP and Unix, which
     would not be good.
     Finally try SHIFT_JIS.  */
  "ISO-2022-JP-2", "EUC-JP", "SHIFT_JIS",
  NULL
};
static const char * const autodetect_kr_try[] =
{
  /* Try 7-bit encoding first. If the input contains bytes >= 0x80,
     it will fail.
     Finally try EUC-KR.  */
  "ISO-2022-KR", "EUC-KR",
  NULL
};

static struct autodetect_alias autodetect_predefined[] =
{
  { &autodetect_predefined[1], "autodetect_utf8", autodetect_utf8_try },
  { &autodetect_predefined[2], "autodetect_jp",   autodetect_jp_try },
  { NULL,                      "autodetect_kr",   autodetect_kr_try }
};

static struct autodetect_alias *autodetect_list = &autodetect_predefined[0];
static struct autodetect_alias **autodetect_list_end =
  &autodetect_predefined[SIZEOF(autodetect_predefined)-1].next;

int
uniconv_register_autodetect (const char *name,
                             const char * const *try_in_order)
{
  size_t namelen;
  size_t listlen;
  size_t memneed;
  size_t i;

  /* The TRY_IN_ORDER list must not be empty.  */
  if (try_in_order[0] == NULL)
    {
      errno = EINVAL;
      return -1;
    }

  /* We must deep-copy NAME and TRY_IN_ORDER, because they may be allocated
     with dynamic extent.  */
  namelen = strlen (name) + 1;
  memneed = sizeof (struct autodetect_alias) + namelen + sizeof (char *);
  for (i = 0; try_in_order[i] != NULL; i++)
    memneed += sizeof (char *) + strlen (try_in_order[i]) + 1;
  listlen = i;

  void *memory = malloc (memneed);
  if (memory != NULL)
    {
      struct autodetect_alias *new_alias = memory;
      memory = new_alias + 1;

      char const **new_try_in_order = memory;
      memory = new_try_in_order + listlen + 1;

      char *new_name = memcpy (memory, name, namelen);
      memory = new_name + namelen;

      for (i = 0; i < listlen; i++)
        {
          size_t len = strlen (try_in_order[i]) + 1;
          char *copy = memcpy (memory, try_in_order[i], len);
          new_try_in_order[i] = copy;
          memory = copy + len;
        }
      new_try_in_order[i] = NULL;

      /* Now insert the new alias.  */
      new_alias->name = new_name;
      new_alias->encodings_to_try = new_try_in_order;
      new_alias->next = NULL;
      /* FIXME: Not multithread-safe.  */
      *autodetect_list_end = new_alias;
      autodetect_list_end = &new_alias->next;
      return 0;
    }
  else
    {
      errno = ENOMEM;
      return -1;
    }
}

/* Like mem_iconveha, except no handling of transliteration.  */
static int
mem_iconveha_notranslit (const char *src, size_t srclen,
                         const char *from_codeset, const char *to_codeset,
                         enum iconv_ilseq_handler handler,
                         size_t *offsets,
                         char **resultp, size_t *lengthp)
{
  int retval = mem_iconveh (src, srclen, from_codeset, to_codeset, handler,
                            offsets, resultp, lengthp);
  if (retval >= 0 || errno != EINVAL)
    return retval;
  else
    {
      struct autodetect_alias *alias;

      /* Unsupported from_codeset or to_codeset. Check whether the caller
         requested autodetection.  */
      for (alias = autodetect_list; alias != NULL; alias = alias->next)
        if (strcmp (from_codeset, alias->name) == 0)
          {
            const char * const *encodings;

            if (handler != iconveh_error)
              {
                /* First try all encodings without any forgiving.  */
                encodings = alias->encodings_to_try;
                do
                  {
                    retval = mem_iconveha_notranslit (src, srclen,
                                                      *encodings, to_codeset,
                                                      iconveh_error, offsets,
                                                      resultp, lengthp);
                    if (!(retval < 0 && errno == EILSEQ))
                      return retval;
                    encodings++;
                  }
                while (*encodings != NULL);
              }

            encodings = alias->encodings_to_try;
            do
              {
                retval = mem_iconveha_notranslit (src, srclen,
                                                  *encodings, to_codeset,
                                                  handler, offsets,
                                                  resultp, lengthp);
                if (!(retval < 0 && errno == EILSEQ))
                  return retval;
                encodings++;
              }
            while (*encodings != NULL);

            /* Return the last call's result.  */
            return -1;
          }

      /* It wasn't an autodetection name.  */
      errno = EINVAL;
      return -1;
    }
}

int
mem_iconveha (const char *src, size_t srclen,
              const char *from_codeset, const char *to_codeset,
              bool transliterate,
              enum iconv_ilseq_handler handler,
              size_t *offsets,
              char **resultp, size_t *lengthp)
{
  if (srclen == 0)
    {
      /* Nothing to convert.  */
      *lengthp = 0;
      return 0;
    }

  /* When using GNU libc >= 2.2 or GNU libiconv >= 1.5 or Citrus/FreeBSD/macOS
     iconv, we want to use transliteration.  */
#if (((__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 2) || __GLIBC__ > 2) \
     && !defined __UCLIBC__) \
    || _LIBICONV_VERSION >= 0x0105 \
    || defined ICONV_SET_TRANSLITERATE
  if (transliterate)
    {
      int retval;
      size_t len = strlen (to_codeset);
      char *to_codeset_suffixed = (char *) malloca (len + 10 + 1);
      if (to_codeset_suffixed == NULL)
        {
          errno = ENOMEM;
          return -1;
        }
      memcpy (to_codeset_suffixed, to_codeset, len);
      memcpy (to_codeset_suffixed + len, "//TRANSLIT", 10 + 1);

      retval = mem_iconveha_notranslit (src, srclen,
                                        from_codeset, to_codeset_suffixed,
                                        handler, offsets, resultp, lengthp);

      freea (to_codeset_suffixed);

      return retval;
    }
  else
#endif
    return mem_iconveha_notranslit (src, srclen,
                                    from_codeset, to_codeset,
                                    handler, offsets, resultp, lengthp);
}

/* Like str_iconveha, except no handling of transliteration.  */
static char *
str_iconveha_notranslit (const char *src,
                         const char *from_codeset, const char *to_codeset,
                         enum iconv_ilseq_handler handler)
{
  char *result = str_iconveh (src, from_codeset, to_codeset, handler);

  if (result != NULL || errno != EINVAL)
    return result;
  else
    {
      struct autodetect_alias *alias;

      /* Unsupported from_codeset or to_codeset. Check whether the caller
         requested autodetection.  */
      for (alias = autodetect_list; alias != NULL; alias = alias->next)
        if (strcmp (from_codeset, alias->name) == 0)
          {
            const char * const *encodings;

            if (handler != iconveh_error)
              {
                /* First try all encodings without any forgiving.  */
                encodings = alias->encodings_to_try;
                do
                  {
                    result = str_iconveha_notranslit (src,
                                                      *encodings, to_codeset,
                                                      iconveh_error);
                    if (!(result == NULL && errno == EILSEQ))
                      return result;
                    encodings++;
                  }
                while (*encodings != NULL);
              }

            encodings = alias->encodings_to_try;
            do
              {
                result = str_iconveha_notranslit (src,
                                                  *encodings, to_codeset,
                                                  handler);
                if (!(result == NULL && errno == EILSEQ))
                  return result;
                encodings++;
              }
            while (*encodings != NULL);

            /* Return the last call's result.  */
            return NULL;
          }

      /* It wasn't an autodetection name.  */
      errno = EINVAL;
      return NULL;
    }
}

char *
str_iconveha (const char *src,
              const char *from_codeset, const char *to_codeset,
              bool transliterate,
              enum iconv_ilseq_handler handler)
{
  if (*src == '\0' || c_strcasecmp (from_codeset, to_codeset) == 0)
    {
      char *result = strdup (src);

      if (result == NULL)
        errno = ENOMEM;
      return result;
    }

  /* When using GNU libc >= 2.2 or GNU libiconv >= 1.5 or Citrus/FreeBSD/macOS
     iconv, we want to use transliteration.  */
#if (((__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 2) || __GLIBC__ > 2) \
     && !defined __UCLIBC__) \
    || _LIBICONV_VERSION >= 0x0105 \
    || defined ICONV_SET_TRANSLITERATE
  if (transliterate)
    {
      char *result;
      size_t len = strlen (to_codeset);
      char *to_codeset_suffixed = (char *) malloca (len + 10 + 1);
      if (to_codeset_suffixed == NULL)
        {
          errno = ENOMEM;
          return NULL;
        }
      memcpy (to_codeset_suffixed, to_codeset, len);
      memcpy (to_codeset_suffixed + len, "//TRANSLIT", 10 + 1);

      result = str_iconveha_notranslit (src, from_codeset, to_codeset_suffixed,
                                        handler);

      freea (to_codeset_suffixed);

      return result;
    }
  else
#endif
    return str_iconveha_notranslit (src, from_codeset, to_codeset, handler);
}